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"The Evolution of Compact Binary Star Systems"
Konstantin A. Postnov and Lev R. Yungelson 
Abstract
1 Introduction
1.1 Formation of stars and end products of their evolution
1.2 Binary stars
2 Observations of Double Compact Stars
2.1 Compact binaries with neutron stars
2.2 How frequent are NS binary coalescences?
2.3 Black holes in binary systems
2.4 A model-independent upper limit on the BH-BH/BH-NS coalescence rate
3 Basic Principles of the Evolution of Binary Stars
3.1 Keplerian binary system and radiation back reaction
3.2 Mass exchange in close binaries
3.3 Mass transfer modes and mass and angular momentum loss in binary systems
3.4 Supernova explosion
3.5 Kick velocity of neutron stars
3.6 Common envelope stage
3.7 Other notes on the CE problem
4 Evolutionary Scenario for Compact Binaries with Neutron Star or Black Hole Components
4.1 Compact binaries with neutron stars
4.2 Black-hole–formation parameters
5 Formation of Double Compact Binaries
5.1 Analytical estimates
5.2 Population synthesis results
6 Detection Rates
7 Short-Period Binaries with White-Dwarf Components
7.1 Formation of compact binaries with white dwarfs
7.2 White-dwarf binaries
7.3 Type Ia supernovae
7.4 Ultra-compact X-ray binaries
8 Observations of Double-Degenerate Systems
8.1 Detached white dwarf and subdwarf binaries
9 Evolution of Interacting Double-Degenerate Systems
9.1 “Double-degenerate family” of AM CVn stars
9.2 “Helium-star family” of AM CVn stars
9.3 Final stages of evolution of interacting double-degenerate systems
10 Gravitational Waves from Compact Binaries with White-Dwarf Components
11 AM CVn-Type Stars as Sources of Optical and X-Ray Emission
12 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Footnotes
Updates
Figures
Tables

Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the referees for careful reading of the manuscript and useful comments. The authors would like to thank L.P. Grishchuk, V.M. Lipunov, M.E. Prokhorov, A.G. Kuranov, N. Chugai, A. Tutukov, A. Fedorova, E. Ergma, M. Livio, S.F. Portegies Zwart, J.-P. Lasota, G. Dubus, A. Renzini, R. Napiwotzki, E.P.J. van den Heuvel, G. Tovmassian, J.-E. Solheim, L. van Haaften, L. Piersanti, and A. Tornambé for numerous useful discussions and joint research in the evolution of binary stars. Writing of this review would have been impossible without the long-term research cooperation of G. Nelemans. We acknowledge him also for useful discussions, help in collecting information, and updating figures. Useful discussions with participants of meetings on stellar evolution, binary stars and SN Ia are acknowledged. An intensive use of the Smithsonian/NASA ADS Astronomy Abstract Service and arXiv is acknowledged. We thank many of our colleagues for sending us (p)reprints of their publications. Y. Pachomov is acknowledged for his help in the preparation of the manuscript.

KAP was partially supported by RFBR grants 12-02-00186, 13-02-92119 and 14-02-00657. LRY was partially supported by the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences program P-21 and RFBR grant 14-02-00604.


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