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Gravitational-wave bands conventionally divide based on detector technology [108*, 35]: Future extremely-low-frequency (∼ 10–18 to ∼ 10–15 Hz) search programs will be based on mapping the intensity and polarization of the cosmic microwave background; very-low frequency observations (∼ 10–9 to ∼ 10–6 Hz) mostly use pulsar timing observations; low-frequency (∼ 10–6 to ∼ 10–1 Hz) observations currently use Doppler tracking of spacecraft (in the 2020’s a laser interferometer in space); high-frequency (∼ 1 to ∼ 104 Hz) observations involve ground-based laser interferometers or resonant bar detectors. For general reviews see [91, 108*, 36].